DAWN TO DUSK NEWS: news research

Showing posts with label news research. Show all posts

Peeing in the pool could be bad for your health: Researchers

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpA79n8vghIG69V1lVboMDAtzQW1HWKu9t9cZHT-k5HY_96AYnYNXBO0TlZ6n2O3ORMcY4Ey2qvz__P55gWUlyS5PPzAGXHmopKoeGHcTt7VEj880eGT1aBbV6XDKEOVU-jlPvtmkTLXY3/s1600/article-2575219-1BD0BFE000000578-283_634x373.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="376" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpA79n8vghIG69V1lVboMDAtzQW1HWKu9t9cZHT-k5HY_96AYnYNXBO0TlZ6n2O3ORMcY4Ey2qvz__P55gWUlyS5PPzAGXHmopKoeGHcTt7VEj880eGT1aBbV6XDKEOVU-jlPvtmkTLXY3/s1600/article-2575219-1BD0BFE000000578-283_634x373.jpg" width="640" /></a><span style="font-size: large;">Scientists found that 
compounds in urine mix with chlorine can cause chemicals that have been 
linked to respiratory effects in swimmers to form.</span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">
</span> <br />
<span style="font-size: large;">'If swimmers avoided 
urinating in pools, then air and water quality would likely improve 
independent of other changes in water treatment or air circulation,' the
 scientists from China Agricultural University and Purdue University 
wrote in the journal Environmental Science & Technology.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">In
 a series of laboratory experiments, the scientists combined water 
collected from swimming pools in China with mixtures meant to mimic the 
chemical composition of sweat and urine. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-size: large;">Chlorine, used to disinfect pools, reacts with a number of chemicals found in human sweat and urine.<br />Uric
 acid, found in urine, accounted for 24 to 68 percent (depending on 
temperature, water pH and chlorine condition) of the byproduct cyanogen 
chloride in the pool water samples. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">''Analysis
 of swimming pool water samples, combined with the results of 
experiments involving chlorination of uric acid, and chlorination of 
body fluid analog mixtures, indicated that uric acid chlorination may 
account for a large fraction of Cyanogen chloride formation in swimming 
pools,' the researchers say.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">In a series of 
laboratory experiments, the scientists combined water collected from 
swimming pools in China with mixtures meant to mimic the chemical 
composition of sweat and urine.</span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">
</span> <br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Cyanogen chloride can affect multiple organs, including the lungs, heart, and central nervous system via inhalation</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">'Given
 that uric acid introduction to pools is attributable to urination, a 
voluntary action for most swimmers, these findings indicate important 
benefits to pool water and air chemistry that could result from improved
 hygiene habits on the part of swimmers,' the team concluded.</span><br />
<div id="ext-gen92">
<span style="font-size: large;">Exposure
 to trichloramine at pools has previously been linked to reduced lung 
function in adult swimmers, and itchy eyes, runny nose and voice loss in
 lifeguards, according to Environmental Health News.</span></div>
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Peeing in the pool could be bad for your health: Researchers

Scientists found that compounds in urine mix with chlorine can cause chemicals that have been linked to respiratory effects in swimmers ...

19:18

The room where the internet was born

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizXV-dIQst-gjcY2zijaQHMLGj6Uzw7925s6uXdMtluQhE9oAnnRA5gEMBH3Lm0kBtgbtzylYycN7uS0DXn7pnjta1wBrwLF-EHLPvluDPMdh8Bpf3aGwlA5BySlq9B30IHtkBTWn6nhDD/s1600/article-2575070-1C170B9500000578-234_636x382.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="384" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizXV-dIQst-gjcY2zijaQHMLGj6Uzw7925s6uXdMtluQhE9oAnnRA5gEMBH3Lm0kBtgbtzylYycN7uS0DXn7pnjta1wBrwLF-EHLPvluDPMdh8Bpf3aGwlA5BySlq9B30IHtkBTWn6nhDD/s1600/article-2575070-1C170B9500000578-234_636x382.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">From the outside, room 3420 at UCLA's 
Boelter Hall campus looks rather nondescript - housing what looks like a
 large typrwriter and a cupboard stuffed with old electronics.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">However, this is in fact the birthplace of the internet - and where the first message was sent from.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">On
 October 29, 1969 at 10:30pm,  Leonard Kleinrock and his team sent a 
message to Stanford University using what we know know as the internet -
 only to find in crash after two letters.</span><br />
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<br /><div class="floatRHS art-ins sciencetech">
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<b>THE BIRTH OF THE INTERNET</b></h3>
<div class="ins cleared xolcc bdrcc">
<span id="ext-gen92" style="font-size: 1.2em;">While
 a grad student at MIT, Kleinrock developed a mathematical theory of 
packet switching, where data is broken up into 'packets' that can be 
exchanged over a network to allow users in multiple locations to access 
them.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The research was 
spotted by the Defense Department's Advanced Research Projects Agency 
(ARPA—later named DARPA), which wanted to use it to distribute academic 
papers.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">It wanted to test a 
network, and a contract was awarded to a team of computer engineers at 
Bolt Beranek and Newman (BBN), who built the Interface Message 
Processor, which was similar to the routers still used today.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The first node was placed at UCLA. the second at Stanford.</span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">the first message was supposed to be 
'log in', but their first success also spelled their first failure – the
 system crashed after the 'L' and 'O' were transmitted.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">About an hour later, having recovered from the crash, the SDS Sigma 7 computer sent a full 'login'.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 first permanent ARPANET link was then established on November 21, 1969,
 between the IMP (interface message processor) at UCLA and the IMP at 
the Stanford Research Institute.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">By
 December of 1969, four nodes were permanently installed at UCLA, 
Stanford Research Institute, University of Utah, and University of 
California at Santa Barbara. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">By 1975 there were 57 IMPs. By 1981 there were 213, and it has continued to explode inpopularity ever since.</span><br />
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<img alt="A detailed view of UCLA's Interface Message Processor (IMP) is pictured in a storage closet, where it had been stored for over 20 years, at 3420 Boelter Hall in UCLA" class="blkBorder img-share" height="372" id="i-5d2d0d38" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2014/03/06/article-0-1C16DE7600000578-182_634x372.jpg" width="634" /><div class="overlay-icon mobile-gallery">
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A detailed view of UCLA's Interface Message 
Processor (IMP) is pictured in a storage closet, where it had been 
stored for over 20 years, at 3420 Boelter Hall in UCLA</div>
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<img alt="A detailed view of UCLA's Interface Message Processor (IMP) is seen in a storage closet, where it had been stored for over 20 years, at 3420 Boelter Hall in UCLA" class="blkBorder img-share" height="361" id="i-5c230d2b" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2014/03/06/article-0-1C16DE1300000578-441_634x361.jpg" width="634" /><div class="overlay-icon mobile-gallery">
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A detailed view of UCLA's Interface Message 
Processor (IMP) is seen in a storage closet, where it had been stored 
for over 20 years, at 3420 Boelter Hall in UCLA</div>
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<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'How
 many revolutions can you think about where you can see—within a few 
feet!—where it began? This machine is where the internet breathed to 
life, spoke its first words,' Leonard Kleinrock, the computer scientist 
for whom the Kleinrock Center for Internet Studies is named, told Gizmodo.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">However, Kleinrock admits the machines were almost lost.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">There are currently only two IMPs still in existence. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">UCLA's IMP was replaced by new technology in 1982 and moved to a staff break room. </span><br />
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<img alt="The tiny mention of the project in the University paper was the only mention of it at the time" class="blkBorder img-share" height="353" id="i-a7be0e58" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2014/03/06/article-2575070-1C16E61300000578-315_634x353.jpg" width="634" /><div class="overlay-icon mobile-gallery">
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The tiny mention of the project in the University paper was the only mention of it at the time</div>
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<br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">He also managed to save a SDS Sigma 7 computer, the refrigerator-sized machine that was used to host that first message.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The
 restored room was first opened in 2011, after being converted to a 
computer lab for current students, and was restored by the original team
 - who even matched the paint for photographs.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'We didn't know what we were doing,' says Kleinrock. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">'We didn't even take a photo.' </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 1.2em;">The only mention of the world-changing experiment was a small item in the school paper.</span><br />
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<img alt="UCLA's Interface Message Processor (IMP) is pictured in the birthplace of the Internet, at 3420 Boelter Hall, the original location of the first ARPANET node at UCLA in Los Angeles." class="blkBorder img-share" height="423" id="i-5e980d4a" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2014/03/06/article-0-1C16DE3B00000578-987_634x423.jpg" width="634" /><div class="overlay-icon mobile-gallery">
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UCLA's Interface Message Processor (IMP) is 
pictured in the birthplace of the Internet, at 3420 Boelter Hall, the 
original location of the first ARPANET node at UCLA in Los Angeles.</div>
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<img alt="Professor Leonard Kleinrock, Distinguished Professor of Computer Science at UCLA is shown next to UCLA's Interface Message Processor (IMP)" class="blkBorder img-share" height="428" id="i-5c9b0d34" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2014/03/06/article-0-1C16DE5200000578-254_634x428.jpg" width="634" /><div class="overlay-icon mobile-gallery">
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Professor Leonard Kleinrock, Distinguished 
Professor of Computer Science at UCLA is shown next to UCLA's Interface 
Message Processor (IMP)</div>
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<img alt="A plaque placed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers is pictured at the birthplace of the Internet" class="blkBorder img-share" height="461" id="i-5d1b0d38" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2014/03/06/article-0-1C16DE8200000578-825_634x461.jpg" width="634" /><div class="overlay-icon mobile-gallery">
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A plaque placed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers is pictured at the birthplace of the Internet</div>
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<img alt="A visitor compares modern-day 3420 Boelter Hall, the birthplace of the Internet, with an archival photograph during the grand opening of the Kleinrock Internet Heritage Site at UCLA in Los Angeles, California October 29, 2011. The first message to pass over the ARPANET was sent from 3420 Boelter Hall on October 29, 1969 led by UCLA professor Leonard Kleinrock and his team. The ARPANET evolved into the Internet we use today. REUTERS/Fred Prouser (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS TELECOMS SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY) - RTR2TEKP" class="blkBorder img-share" height="399" id="i-5e530d4c" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2014/03/06/article-0-1C16DE1E00000578-364_634x399.jpg" width="634" /><div class="overlay-icon mobile-gallery">
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A visitor compares modern-day 3420 Boelter Hall,
 the birthplace of the Internet, with an archival photograph during the 
grand opening of the Kleinrock Internet Heritage Site at UCLA in Los 
Angeles, California October 29, 2011. The first message to pass over the
 ARPANET was sent from 3420 Boelter Hall on October 29, 1969 led by UCLA
 professor Leonard Kleinrock and his team. The ARPANET evolved into the 
Internet we use today. REUTERS/Fred Prouser (UNITED STATES - Tags: 
BUSINESS TELECOMS SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY) - RTR2TEKP</div>
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<img alt="A visitor attends the grand opening of the Kleinrock Internet Heritage Site and Archive in 3420 Boelter Hall, the birthplace of the Internet at UCLA in Los Angeles, California October 29, 2011. The first message to pass over the ARPANET was sent from 3420 Boelter Hall on October 29, 1969 led by UCLA professor Leonard Kleinrock and his team. The recreated lab features a replica of the Sigma 7 computer (L), a teletype (C) similar to one used to communicate with the SIGMA 7 computer, which was connected to UCLA's Interface Message Processor (R). The ARPANET evolved into the Internet we use today." class="blkBorder img-share" height="423" id="i-5df60d40" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2014/03/06/article-0-1C16DE2A00000578-592_634x423.jpg" width="634" /><div class="overlay-icon mobile-gallery">
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A visitor attends the grand opening of the 
Kleinrock Internet Heritage Site and Archive in 3420 Boelter Hall, the 
birthplace of the Internet at UCLA in Los Angeles, California October 
29, 2011. The first message to pass over the ARPANET was sent from 3420 
Boelter Hall on October 29, 1969 led by UCLA professor Leonard Kleinrock
 and his team. The recreated lab features a replica of the Sigma 7 
computer (L), a teletype (C) similar to one used to communicate with the
 SIGMA 7 computer, which was connected to UCLA's Interface Message 
Processor (R). The ARPANET evolved into the Internet we use today.</div>
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<img alt="This is the power distribution unit on the Interface Message Processor, taken at the grand re-opening of the original Boelter 3420 lab at UCLA, the birthplace of the Internet" class="blkBorder img-share" height="424" id="i-5c410d2a" src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2014/03/06/article-0-1C16DE3500000578-310_634x424.jpg" width="634" /><div class="overlay-icon mobile-gallery">
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This is the power distribution unit on the 
Interface Message Processor, taken at the grand re-opening of the 
original Boelter 3420 lab at UCLA, the birthplace of the Internet</div>
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The room where the internet was born

From the outside, room 3420 at UCLA's Boelter Hall campus looks rather nondescript - housing what looks like a large typrwriter and...

18:55

Power-packed bacterial spores generate electricity

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHvSOsvuxD6X9SR0_dNXxUeHV1mDDmIPe3vQBrs5UST6_rnTd5GUdaM6wftHSllHc_oStZEIqQToUcjt3Cd_ppaRjZW7_TV6MqInIfMfLuOoj0OOA7WwgAvo7W6ISvC4tXp3fB4Cfs7GLW/s1600/notebook_itroducing.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="342" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHvSOsvuxD6X9SR0_dNXxUeHV1mDDmIPe3vQBrs5UST6_rnTd5GUdaM6wftHSllHc_oStZEIqQToUcjt3Cd_ppaRjZW7_TV6MqInIfMfLuOoj0OOA7WwgAvo7W6ISvC4tXp3fB4Cfs7GLW/s1600/notebook_itroducing.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">With
mighty bursts of rehydration, bacterial spores offer a new source of renewable
energy.</span><br />

<em><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Bacillus </span></em><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">spores quickly shrivel in dry times and bloat
with a blast of humidity. The transitions, which take about half a second, pack
a powerful punch that biophysicist Ozgur Sahin at Columbia University realized
could translate to usable energy. By smearing spores onto a flat piece of
rubber about the length of a human hand, Sahin and his colleagues developed a
spore-powered generator. In arid conditions, parched spores pull the rubber
into a curve, while wafts of wet air plump up spores and spring it flat again.</span><br />

<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">The
team linked the rubber to an electromagnetic generator, so that every flex
produced an electric current. By weight, spore power rivaled the juice in a car
battery, Sahin
and colleagues report January 26 in <em><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Nature Nanotechnology</span></em>. Since the spores tote such a
high energy potential—more than 1,000 times that of mammalian muscle—Sahin and
colleagues say energy-harvesting devices based on the dormant dynamos could be
linked into municipal grids to contribute a power boost to homes and cities.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihyno6OtNtagEiffHqzUiN0dLy8WY2qdlF9RZsLyt7NTRilYtdZlF-Lelf7cjeM2pU4xJQ-j-Q7JZQPnJ60XPD5TzWWAH1NAYQZ0GtDxd_Mxy2xLXP52i46JxNQnlLMvLI3fkEvbCWcl6K/s1600/notebook_introducing_diagram.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihyno6OtNtagEiffHqzUiN0dLy8WY2qdlF9RZsLyt7NTRilYtdZlF-Lelf7cjeM2pU4xJQ-j-Q7JZQPnJ60XPD5TzWWAH1NAYQZ0GtDxd_Mxy2xLXP52i46JxNQnlLMvLI3fkEvbCWcl6K/s1600/notebook_introducing_diagram.png" width="640" /> </a></div>
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Power-packed bacterial spores generate electricity

With mighty bursts of rehydration, bacterial spores offer a new source of renewable energy. Bacillus spores quickly shrivel in ...

12:38